Leadership Strategies for Developing a Student Discipline Culture: A Qualitative Case Study Through George R. Terry's POAC Management Framework

Ainun Naim; Ali Rohmat; Dahlia

doi:10.61987/jemr.v5i4.2646

Authors

Ainun Naim Institut Agama Islam Syubbanul Wathon Magelang
Ali Rohmat Syubbanul Wathon Islamic Institute Magelang
Dahlia Syubbanul Wathon Islamic Institute Magelang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61987/jemr.v5i4.2646

Keywords:

Leadership Management, Student Discipline, POAC Management Theory

Abstract

The phenomenon of moral degradation in the contemporary era requires educational institutions to strengthen the value system through systematic leadership management. This study aims to evaluate the leadership strategy of the head of the boarding school in constructing a culture of student discipline at the API ASRI 2 Bandongan Islamic Boarding School using the theory of the management function of POAC (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, Controlling) from George R. Terry. The research method applied is qualitative with an explanatory case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and documentation, then analyzed using the interactive model Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña using purposive sampling techniques. The findings of the study revealed that the internalization of discipline culture is carried out through four stages: participatory planning based on traditional values, structured division of tasks to avoid overlapping authority, implementation through leadership example (uswah hasanah) and persuasive communication, as well as digital supervision accompanied by educational sanctions. In conclusion, the success of the formation of discipline in Islamic boarding schools does not rely enough on rigid legal-formal rules, but requires synergy between exemplary leadership figures, orderly organization, and communication that humanizes human beings in applying fair and transparent sanctions.

References

Achadah, A., & Rohmah, F. F. (2022). Implementation of Tahajud Prayer Activities in Improving the Discipline of Students at the Babussalam Banjarejo Women's Islamic Boarding School Malang Performance. Al Qalam: Scientific Journal of Religion and Society, 16(2), 609–616. https://doi.org/10.35931/aq.v16i2.923

Agus, A. H., & Kholilurrohman, M. (2025). Integration of Anger Management in Improving Student Discipline: Solutions to Discipline Challenges. JIIP (Scientific Journal of Educational Sciences), 8(2), 2249–2258. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v8i2.6923

Alfauzi, A. R., & Faslah, R. (2025). Quality Control of Islamic Boarding School Education in the Digital Era: Opportunities and Challenges. Raudhah Proud To Be Professionals: Jurnal Tarbiyah Islamiyah, 10(2), 721–736. https://doi.org/10.48094/raudhah.v10i2.940

Antika, F. W., & Mesra, R. (2024). Implementation of Transformational Leadership in Improving Team Performance at SMAS Nurul Yaqin. Educational Instincts: Journal of Education, 1(5), 247–261. https://doi.org/10.64924/8tajmd96

Armaini, U., Ariqah, F. M., & Wisnarni. (2026). Transformational Leadership of Madrasah Heads in Strengthening Character Education in the Digital Era at MTsN 1 Merangin. ACADEMIA: Journal of Academic Research Innovation, 6(2), 245–258. https://doi.org/10.51878/educational.v6i2.10762

Dahri, A. (2023). Management of Student Discipline Education in Islamic Boarding Schools (Study at Shalahuddin Modern Islamic Boarding School, Gayo Lues Regency). Edu Society: Journal of Education, Social Sciences, and Community Service, 3(3), 1143–1153. https://doi.org/10.56832/edu.v3i3.397

Fadere, A. O., Akinnubi, O. P., & Ogbaini, C. A. (2024). Transforming Learning: The Role of School-Related Factors in Student Achievement. Indonesian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 3(1), 12–22. https://doi.org/10.33650/ijess.v3i1.8170

Faiz, M., Suciamy, R., Zaskia, S., & Kusumaningrum, H. (2024). Implementation of POAC in Modern Education Management. Reflection: Islamic Education Journal, 1(4), 26–36. https://doi.org/10.61132/reflection.v1i4.157

Hanapi. (2024). Leadership Management of Caregivers of Raudhatut Thalibin Islamic Boarding Schools in Improving the Discipline of Raudhatut Thalibin Students in North Hulu Sungai, South Kalimantan. UNISAN JURNAL: JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT AND EDUCATION, 3(3), 406–416.

Hidayatullah, S., Dahlia, & Amin, M. (2025). Strengthening the Morals and Character of Early Childhood Through the Flash Pesantren Program at RA Muslimat NU Mlangen. Administration, 5(1), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.61136/tk7n9a68

Husna, A. A., & Hamid, A. R. N. A. (2025). The Integration of Hidden Curriculum in the Value of Student Discipline at the Putri Salafiyah Islamic Boarding School. Istifkar: Journal of Islamic Education, 5(1), 64–92. https://doi.org/10.62509/jpai.v5i1.155

Hussen, B. T., & Onia, S. I. (2024). Enhancing the Quality of Education Through Effective Governance in Higher Education. Indonesian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 3(2), 73–85. https://doi.org/10.33650/ijess.v3i2.8908

Izza, A. F., Nabila, P. A. D., & Zuhriyah, I. A. (2025). The Use of Islamic Boarding School Digitalization Through an Educational Administration and Reporting System Based on the Student App. Tarlim: Journal of Islamic Religious Education, 8(1), 83–98. https://doi.org/10.32528/tarlim.v8i1.2967

Jannah, M., Masnawati, E., & Mufaizah. (2025). The Influence of Learning Discipline, Learning Motivation, and Learning Facilities on Student Learning Achievement at SMPN 1 Sidorejo Magetan. LEARNING: Journal of Innovation in Education and Learning Research, 5(4), 1751–1762. https://jurnalp4i.com/index.php/learning

Khasanah, S., H.S., A. F. H., & Dahlia. (2025). Quality Management of Character Education Through a Habituation Strategy Based on Islamic Values at MI Ma'arif Wringinputih Borobudur. Pendas: Scientific Journal of Basic Education, 10(4), 348–360. https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i04.37645

Lamirin, Santoso, J., & Selwen, P. (2023). The Application of Transformational Leadership Strategies in Improving the Performance of Educational Organizations. Scientific Journal of Kanderang Tingang, 14(2), 400–409. https://doi.org/10.37304/jikt.v14i2.259

Listrianti, F., & Khoiriyah, S. (2026). Teacher-Student Relationship Strategy in Improving the Quality of Education in MAN Religious Programs. LEARNING: Journal of Research Innovation in Education and Learning, 6(2), 1091–1103. https://doi.org/10.51878/learning.v6i2.9700

Malik, R., Susanti, R., Hidir, A., Resdati, Ihsan, M., & Dzulqarnain, M. F. (2025). Triangulation and Domain Analysis; Increase the Credibility and Depth of Qualitative Research. Cambodia: Journal of Social and Humanities, 6(1), 33–41. https://doi.org/10.51135/kambotivol6issue1p33–41

Mudarris, B., & Rizal, M. S. (2023). Management of the Principal's Leadership Strategy in Improving the Discipline of Teachers and Employees at Nurul Jadid High School. JIIP (Scientific Journal of Educational Sciences), 6(12), 10265–10271. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i12.3406

Nabila, D. S., Choiroh, L. M., Sulthon, H. M. A., Huda, M. N. N., & Bastomi, A. (2025). Monitoring and Evaluation of the Performance of Islamic Boarding Schools Through the Use of the Education Management Information System (EMIS) at the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion of East Java. Journal of Islamic Education Administration, 07(01), 62–72. https://doi.org/10.15642/japi.2025.7.1.62-72

Prakoso, D. D., Wahyono, M., & Puspaningtyas, A. (2021). Implementation of the Policy of Sidoarjo Regent Regulation Number 107 of 2018 in Supervising the Establishment of Buildings. PRAJA Observer: Journal of Public Administration Research, 1(04), 37–46. https://www.aksiologi.org/index.php/praja/article/view/102

Rachman, E. A., Humaeroh, D., Sari, D. Y., & Mulyanto, A. (2023). Visionary Leadership in Character Education. Journal of Educatio, 9(2), 1024–1033. https://doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v9i2.5053

Ramadani, T. F., Ahmad, Marcellah, A., & Muktamar, A. (2024). Exploration of Leadership Concepts and Models in Strategic Management. Indonesian Journal of Innovation Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 243–264. https://doi.org/10.69693/ijim.v2i2.135

Rohman, F., Nasith, A., & Ramadhan, A. R. (2025). Leadership Transformation in Islamic Educational Organizations: Between Spiritual Values and Managerial Effectiveness. Journal of School Leadership & Management, 10(4), 2285–2291. https://doi.org/10.34125/jkps.v10i4.1140

Rosmini, H., Ningsih, N., Murni, M., & Adiyono, A. (2024). Transformation of School Principal Leadership in the Digital Era: Technology-Based Education Administration Strategies in Junior High Schools. Constructivism: Journal of Education and Learning, 16(1), 165–180. https://doi.org/10.35457/konstruk.v16i1.3451

Sakdiyah, H., Afrila, R., & Hasibuan, S. E. (2026). The Role of Academic Supervisors in Improving Student Academic Discipline at UIN Syahada. ACADEMIA: Journal of Academic Research Innovation, 6(1), 81–89. https://doi.org/10.51878/academia.v6i1.9134

Sangapan, L. H. (2025). The Influence of Strategic and Moral Leadership on the Financial Performance of a Company: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment as an Impact of Organizational Trust - A Systematic Literature Review. JCMB: Journal of Capital Markets, 13(2), 96–106. https://doi.org/10.63607/jcmb.v13i2

Septihandini, N., Anwar, K., & Sanistasya, P. A. (2025). POAC Management Strategy in Improving the Sustainability of Karang Joang Market in Balikpapan City. JPkMN: Journal of Community Service of the Archipelago, 6(2), 2135–2141. https://doi.org/10.55338/jpkmn.v6i2.5084

Sunaji. (2025). Development of Modern Islamic Boarding Schools Through the Digitization of the Santrilink-Based Islamic Education System. Kamil: Journal of Education, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.65065/w1dqrc25

Tajik, O., Golzar, J., & Noor, S. (2024). Purposive Sampling. IJELS: International Journal of Education & Language Studies, 2(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijels.2025.490681.1029

Trimurti, C. P., Muhartono, D. S., Karundeng, D. R., Chasanah, U., Nasir, W. M. N. bin W. M., Risambessy, A., Roziqin, M. T. D. M. S. bin C. R. A., Hafianti, S., Agushybana, F., Susanti, A. N. M. A. R., Wikaningtyas, S. U., Asmorowati, S., Hanani, R., Setiawan, J., Pramestidewi, C. A., & Supriadi, Y. N. (2025). Research Methods: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. Lakeisha Publishers.

Yansyah, F., Nisa, K., Atulolon, W. N. E.-I., Pradani, D. A. K., Ilmiya, T., & Amrullah, A. M. K. (2026). Reconstruction of the Management of the Arabic Language Program at POAC-Based Salaf Islamic Boarding Schools. Ihtirom: Journal of Islamic Education Management, 5(1), 148–168. https://doi.org/10.70412/itr.v5i1.369

Zaini, M. H. A., & Maula, L. (2022). The Effect of the Implementation of Discipline on Student Discipline at PP Darussalam Bangunsari Ponorogo. MA'ALIM: Journal of Islamic Education, 3(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.21154/MAALIM.V3I1.3485